The Evolution Of The World Essays - Pseudoscience,

The evolution of the world Ancient History The evolution of the world The Greek geographers of the later Roman period developed systematic calculations for the mapping and shaping of the earth. However, what would come to replace these systematic calculations? Why were the ideologies of a flat earth accepted and why were those of a spherical earth ridiculed? The answer to this question is very simple and can be answered by one clear and concise word: Religion. "Thus saith the Lord God; This is Jerusalem: I have set it in the midst of the nations and countries that are round about her." (Ezekiel 5:5) This verse from the of book Ezekiel simply states that the city of Jerusalem should be in the center of all maps created. This eliminated the need for any latitude or longitude. Before hand, there had been more than six hundred maps created, not one having this holy city as the center. There was nothing new about putting "the most sacred place at the center" says Boorstin. The Hindus placed Mount Meru, a mythological 70,000 foot high mountain at the center of their map. In the Muslim faith, the Ka'bah in Mecca was the highest point on earth and the polestar showed the city of Mecca to be opposite the center of the sky. As one can clearly see, many maps, had different centers. Each map had a different center, each based on a different religion. Many years before the birth of Jesus Christ, the Greeks theorized that the earth was a globe. But after that, there was a period in history called "The Great Interruption." This period was categorized by a complete silence where people in general, forgot about the issue of whether the earth was flat or whether it was a globe. Another reason that brought the theories of a globular world to rest was because the priests told the general public that the earth was flat. Priests such as St. Augustine and others invented the Antipode theory, which stated that a world shaped like a globe is impossible because objects would be hanging downwards and growing backwards. Once again, religion played a major part in this argument that would rage on for many years to come. To conclude, much like the theories of the priests in the first 400 years after the birth of Jesus Christ, who said that Jerusalem was the center of a flat earth, one might be able to relate this period in time to a much more recent and modern one. Prior to the French Revolution in 1789, France was ruled by an absolute divine right monarchy. The institution that had the most power at the time was the Catholic church. No one in France would ever dare question the word of the Church. Everything the Church said had to be true and that was that. This is further reinforced by the church's persecution of Copernicus who later again theorized that the earth was not the center of the solar system. This illustrates that 1000 years later, religion remained the backbone of society, and to a lesser extent, the same still holds true today in certain societies.

Cost Allocation in US Army

Cost Allocation in US Army Introduction Cost allocation refers to assigning a cost that is standard to various cost objects. For example, if a company has one electric or water meter, it may apportion the cost of the electricity or water to various departments that use electricity. Allocation is arbitrary in nature whereby the kind of allocation done is on the basis of estimates.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Cost Allocation in US Army specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More US Army Corp The main reason why cost allocation is done from a federal point of view is to ensure that the cost of running projects is distributed equitably. US Army Corp of engineers always worries about cost allocation because it helps them know the magnate of project costs that is reimbursable. Again, cost allocation is important especially for future allocations to ensure that actual allocation is done as opposed to estimates (US Army Corps of Engineers, 2010). Cost alloca tion also ensures that the kind of costs apportioned for a given project is in line with financial plan outlined. Even though the US Army Corp is a part of the federal government, cost allocation remains important as it ensures that all projects are catered for. City of Seattle When cost allocation is being done, there are some factors that are usually put into consideration and are known as drivers. I do agree with the method that has been used in cost allocation. By so doing, it ensures that every aspect in every department is well catered for (Cityofseattle, 2010).This kind of cost allocation addresses every activity that goes on and therefore helps to ensure that no part is left out. The reason for choosing these drivers was to ensure that it is all inclusive. Although these drivers may seem numerous and hence the need to combine them and have a blanket and uniform way of allocating funds, this method is preferable because it ensures that nothing is left to doubt. The uniform or blanket method of cost allocation may sometimes lead to lack of sufficient funds to run some of the project. However, when cost allocation is done in this manner, then there is a very slim chance that any essential project will be left unattended. Although cost allocation is mainly done in manufacturing companies, it is also important for cost allocation to be done in the government since the government has equally several sectors and departments each of which is charged with different activities. By so doing, it helps each department to function more effectively. U.S Department of Human Services The U.S Department of Human Services has an exceptional department that looks at the allocation of cost. The reason of having this division is to ensure all pertinent issues which are several in numbers are well addressed since this department exclusively deals with such issues (DHS, 2010). This department administers cost allocation to hospitals, colleges and universities mainly through r eviewing and negotiating cost rates that are indirect.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Usually, these cost rates once received are subject to review which takes about 180 days as from the day when they are received (Young, 1985, p.54).  It is important to point out that cost allocation is not just important for government agencies but also for private agencies which may have several departments. When an organization carries out cost allocation, it becomes easier to keep track of all projects of every department. For example, if an organization has five or more departments, it will be important to allocate funds for each department so as to keep an easy track on the projects and ensure that all have been catered for (Bryden, 1985, p.34). References Bryden, D. (1985). Cost Allocation. South Africa: S.N. Cityofseattle (2010). City of Seattle Budget for 2009 – 2010. Web. US Army Corps of Engineers. (2010). Walla Walla Project. Web. US Department of Human Services (DHS) (2010). Financial Accounting, Division of  Cost Allocation. Web. Young, H. (1985). Cost allocation: methods, principles, applications. Holland: North- Holland.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Cost Allocation in US Army specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More